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Parental allowance increase and labour supply: evidence from a Czech reform
Grossmann, Jakub ; Pertold, Filip ; Šoltés, M.
We study the effect of a CZK 80,000 (36%) increase in parental allowance, a universal basic income-type benefit, on the labor supply of parents in the Czech Republic. Drawing a parental allowance does not preclude labor market activity, which allows us to study the income effect. After the reform, mothers substantially prolonged the average period they drew an allowance. The labor market participation of mothers of young children decreased by 6 percentage points (15%). The estimated effect corresponds to a non-labor income labor supply elasticity at the extensive margin of about -0.5. The effect is particularly strong among mothers with their first child (10 p.p. or 28%) and among university-educated mothers (16 p.p. or 36%). We observe a virtually identical reduction in hours worked. We found no effect on the labor supply of fathers.
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The fathers on parental leave in the Czech Republic
Čechová, Pavla ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Maříková, Hana (referee)
This diploma work is focused on the situation of fathers on parental leave in the Czech Republic. The aim of research is to find out how fathers feel on their parental leave, what is positive or negative for them and how they evaluate this experience. The theoretical part describes the legislative framework of parental leave and parental allowance and explains the concepts such as femininity, masculinity, maternity and paternity. Then I deal with gender stereotypes and situation on the labour market, and their influences on the decision for starting parental leave. Then I formulate arguments for more father's participation in taking care of children. The empirical part is focused on a qualitative research. The research was realized by interviews done with 10 fathers on parental leaves, and analyzed by coding. Then I made a connection between new data and theoretical resources which are described in the first part. At the end I indicate the posibility of doins some other research, for example with both parents.
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Parental allowance
Pivoda, Jan ; Koldinská, Kristina (advisor) ; Munková, Gabriela (referee)
The paternal allowance is the benefit of the state social assistance that serves to provide for personal, all-day, due care for the child. It is one of the most extensive benefits within the Czech social security system, both as to the finances and as to the numbers of beneficiaries. In spite of this, the general public does not pay too much attention to it. The thesis describes the present legislation regarding the parental allowance, the course of the procedure to grant the allowance, and its role within the social security system. It presents the interpretation of individual provisions concerning it, especially the personal, all-day and due care, the possibilities of changes during drawing the allowance, and the general flexibility thereof. It explains the connection between the parental allowance and the due compulsory school attendance by the older child in the family where there is the possibility of reducing the amount of the allowance. The thesis describes the development of the parental allowance from a benefit called maternal allowance, which emerged in 1969, through the separate Parental Allowance Act passed in 1990, up to the State Social Assistance Act of 1995 and up to the last amendments of this Act. It deals with each amendment of the legal regulations in question, shows the impact of the...
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How is the parents' life on parental leave in the Czech republic?
Keprová, Lydie ; Munková, Gabriela (advisor) ; Hejzlarová, Eva (referee)
The diploma thesis named "How is the parents' life on parental leave in the Czech republic?" identifies and analyzes the conditions of Czech parents, who are taking the leave to take care of their children, i.e. the parental leave, and the coherent allowance. Their situation is reviewed from three angles. From the economical point of view, the thesis identifies worsened financial situation of parents on parental leave, compensated only with the parental allowance. The comparison of the leave and the allowance in various European countries indicates different configurations due to their sociocultural context and historical background. In the research in childcare services is pointed out that the offer is insufficient and that the parents, who use them temporarily, are at disadvantage. In the other hand, the diploma thesis introduces new and more suitable services being provided. In the prevention of social isolation of parents with small children, numerous services provided by non-governmental organizations (in contrast with the governmental and commercial sectors) are described, considering also the disproportional geographical configuration of these subjects. The stakeholder analysis refers about interest, influence and attitude of people, communities and organizations involved. The conclusion of...
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The Quality of Mother's Life on Maternity and Parental Leave
Beňová, Vladimíra ; Nová, Monika (advisor) ; Ondrušová, Jiřina (referee)
Bachelor thesis "The Quality of Mother's life on Maternity and Parental Leave" deals with mothers and their satisfaction with this role. It deals with the definition of quality of life and its meaning. It also contains chapters on pregnancy, parenthood, the importance of families and the needs of mothers. It explains the concepts of maternity leave and parental leave. The aim of this work is to find out to what extent women are on maternity leave / parental leave happy and what factors contribute to this. For the practical part was chosen quantitative research, with the technique of questionnaire survey.
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Do family policies really affect fertility levels?
Jiráková, Zuzana ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Votápková, Jana (referee)
One of the main objectives of family policies in countries with low fertility levels is to stimulate birth rates and incentivize the citizens to have more children. Nevertheless, the research on whether this objective is being met remains inconclusive. In this thesis, we analyze two reforms which took place in the Czech Republic in 1995 and 2008, which adjusted the period of reception of the parental allowance. We use data from selected European OECD countries along with the synthetic control approach to construct a synthetic counterpart to the Czech Republic which gives us an idea about how fertility levels would have developed if the interventions did not take place. In both cases, 1995 reform and 2008 reform, we do not find any conclusive evidence that the interventions affected fertility levels in the Czech Republic. Moreover, we observe a change in the trend of total fertility rate about 2 years before each reform which suggests that these reforms were more likely reactions to changing fertility rates rather than remedies. JEL Classification J13, J17, J11, J12, E61, E65, F68 Keywords fertility, family policy, synthetic control estimator, parental allowance, parental leave Author's e-mail 31609261@fsv.cuni.cz Supervisor's e-mail barbara.pertold-gebicka@fsv.cuni.cz
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Development of the system of state social support
Janková, Eva ; Vysokajová, Margerita (advisor) ; Zemanová, Jana (referee)
Key words: System of state social support, high-income families / low-income families, childless families / families with children, minimum subsistence level, income - tested benefit / non - income - tested benefit, one - off benefits, child allowance, social allowance, housing allowance, parental allowance, foster care allowances and grants - the foster child allowance, the foster parent allowance, the fostering grant, motor vehicle grant and the allowance after ending of the foster care, birth grant, funeral grant. The topic of the thesis is the development of state social support. Through the state social support the state contributes mainly to families with dependent children who are faced with a recognized social situation that the family is unable to cope with via its own efforts and means. The system of the state social support was established in 1995 and is regulated by Act No 117/1995 Coll. on State Social Support, as amended. The present system of state social support consists of the following benefits: child allowance, housing allowance, parental allowance, birth grant and funeral grant. Child allowance, housing allowance and birth grant are income tested. Parental allowance and funeral grant are non-income tested benefits. The thesis takes down development of separate benefits of state...
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Parental leave - balancing work and family life
Auersvaldová, Lucie ; Munková, Gabriela (advisor) ; Vysokajová, Margerita (referee)
According to the name, this thesis is focused on the legal institute of parental leave as work-life balance mean in the Czech Republic with its comparison in legislation in some European Union member states. The aim of the thesis is to answer the main research question: "How parental leave supports work- life balance?" The main part of this thesis constitutes an analysis of parental leave from the view of labor law and social security law (including introductory perspective on equality, gender equality) in the Czech Republic. Another important part of this thesis, which is necessary for complete understanding the institute of parental leave, is the outline of conceptual basis of parental leave in law of European Union. This thesis also includes comparison of parental leave legislation among some European Union member states. Therefore this thesis is enable to give comprehensive preview of the institute of parental leave and presents it in its mutual context and practical situations.
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The fathers on parental leave in the Czech Republic
Čechová, Pavla ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Maříková, Hana (referee)
This diploma work is focused on the situation of fathers on parental leave in the Czech Republic. The aim of research is to find out how fathers feel on their parental leave, what is positive or negative for them and how they evaluate this experience. The theoretical part describes the legislative framework of parental leave and parental allowance and explains the concepts such as femininity, masculinity, maternity and paternity. Then I deal with gender stereotypes and situation on the labour market, and their influences on the decision for starting parental leave. Then I formulate arguments for more father's participation in taking care of children. The empirical part is focused on a qualitative research. The research was realized by interviews done with 10 fathers on parental leaves, and analyzed by coding. Then I made a connection between new data and theoretical resources which are described in the first part. At the end I indicate the posibility of doins some other research, for example with both parents.
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